Aviation Safety And Policy Gaps: Analyzing The Causes Of Plane Crashes In Nigeria

Abstract

The aviation sector plays a critical role in national development, economic integration, and global connectivity. However, Nigeria's aviation industry has been marred by recurrent plane crashes, raising concerns about safety standards and the effectiveness of regulatory frameworks. This study investigates the underlying causes of aviation accidents in Nigeria with a particular focus on policy gaps, regulatory enforcement, and institutional weaknesses. Drawing on documented crash incidents, official investigation reports, and expert interviews, the research identifies key factors contributing to air mishaps, including poor regulatory oversight, inadequate maintenance culture, aging aircraft, insufficient safety training, and corruption within the aviation system. The paper also assesses the performance of key regulatory bodies such as the Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority (NCAA) and the Accident Investigation Bureau (AIB), examining the extent to which existing policies align with global aviation safety standards. The findings reveal a disconnect between policy formulation and implementation, with reactive rather than preventive approaches dominating the safety landscape. The study concludes by recommending comprehensive policy reforms, stronger institutional accountability, enhanced funding for aviation safety, and adherence to international best practices to reduce the frequency of plane crashes and restore public confidence in Nigeria’s aviation sector.